Synonyms:

aprakasah–darkness; apravrttih–inactivity; ca–and; pramadah–madness; mohah–illusion; eva–certainly; ca–also; tamasi–of the mode of ignorance; etani–these; jayante–are manifested; vivrddhe–is developed; kuru-nandana–O son of Kuru.

Translation:

O son of Kuru, when there is an increase in the mode of ignorance; madness, illusion, inertia and darkness are manifested.

Synonyms

lobha��greed; prav�tti��hankering; �rambha��endeavor; karma��m�of activities; a�ama��uncontrollable; sp�h�desire; rajasi�in the mode of passion; et�ni�all this; j�yante�develop; viv�ddhe�when there is excess; bharatar�abha�O chief of the descendants of Bharata.

Translation

O chief of the Bh�ratas, when there is an increase in the mode of passion, the symptoms of great attachment, uncontrollable desire, hankering, and intense endeavor develop.

Synonyms:

�

sarva-dvaresu–all the gates; dehe asmin–in this body; prakasah–

quality of illumination; upajayate–develops; jnanam–knowledge; yada–

when; tada–at that time; vidyat–must know; vivrddham–increased;

sattvam–the mode of goodness; iti–thus; uta–said.

�

Translation:

�

The manifestations of the mode of goodness can be experienced when all

the gates of the body are illuminated by knowledge.

�Synonyms:

rajah–mode of passion; tamah–mode of ignorance; ca–also; abhibhuya–also surpassing; sattvam–mode of goodness; bhavati–becomes prominent; bharata–O son of Bharata; rajah–mode of passion; sattvam–mode of goodness; tamah–mode of ignorance; ca–also; eva–like that; tamah–mode of ignorance; sattvam–mode of goodness; rajah–mode of passion; tatha–as in this.

Translation:

Sometimes the mode of passion becomes prominent, defeating the mode of goodness, O son of Bharata. And sometimes the mode of goodness defeats passion, and at other times the mode of ignorance defeats goodness and passion. In this way there is always competition for supremacy.

�

Synonyms:

�

sattvam–mode of goodness; sukhe–in happiness; sanjayati–develops;

rajah–mode of passion; karmani–fruits of activities; bharata–O son

of Bharata; jnanam–knowledge; avrtya–covering; tu–but; tamah–the

mode of ignorance; pramade–in madness; sanjayati–develops; uta–it is

said.

Translation:

�

The mode of goodness conditions one to happiness, passion conditions

him to fruits of action, and ignorance to madness.

Synonyms:

�

tamah–mode of ignorance; tu–but; ajnana-jam–products of ignorance;

viddhi–knowing; mohanam–delusion; sarva-dehinam–of all embodied

beings; pramada–madness; alasya–indolence; nidrabhih–sleep; tat–

that; nibadhnati–binds; bharata–O son of Bharata.

�

Translation:

�

O son of Bharata, the mode of darkness causes the delusion of all

living entities. The result of this mode is madness, indolence and

sleep, which bind the conditioned soul.

Synonyms:

raja��mode of passion; r�ga-�tmakam�born of desire or lust; viddhi�know; t����hankering; sa�ga�association; samudbhavam�produced of; tat�that; nibadhn�ti�is bound; kaunteya�O son of Kunt�; karma-sa�gena�association with fruitive activity; dehinam�of the embodied.

Translation:

The mode of passion is born of unlimited desires and longings, O son of Kunt�, and because of this one is bound to material fruitive activities.